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Bowdoin Orient, v. 55, no. 2

Date: 1925-04-22

Access: Open access



Bowdoin Orient, v. 55, no. 9

Date: 1925-09-30

Access: Open access



Miniature of Making Human Beings and Citizens: The Educational Philosophies of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Mary Wollstonecraft
Making Human Beings and Citizens: The Educational Philosophies of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Mary Wollstonecraft
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      Date: 2021-01-01

      Creator: Mollie Claire Eisner

      Access: Access restricted to the Bowdoin Community



        Related neuropeptides use different balances of unitary mechanisms to modulate the cardiac neuromuscular system in the American lobster, Homarus americanus

        Date: 2015-01-01

        Creator: Patsy S. Dickinson, Andrew Calkins, Jake S. Stevens

        Access: Open access

        To produce flexible outputs, neural networks controlling rhythmic motor behaviors can be modulated at multiple levels, including the pattern generator itself, sensory feedback, and the response of the muscle to a given pattern of motor output. We examined the role of two related neuropeptides, GYSDRNYLRFamide (GYS) and SGRNFLRFamide (SGRN), in modulating the neurogenic lobster heartbeat, which is controlled by the cardiac ganglion (CG). When perfused though an isolated whole heart at low concentrations, both peptides elicited increases in contraction amplitude and frequency. At higher concentrations, both peptides continued to elicit increases in contraction amplitude, but GYS caused a decrease in contraction frequency, while SGRN did not alter frequency. To determine the sites at which these peptides induce their effects, we examined the effects of the peptides on the periphery and on the isolated CG. When we removed the CG and stimulated the motor nerve with constant bursts of stimuli, both GYS and SGRN increased contraction amplitude, indicating that each peptide modulates the muscle or the neuromuscular junction. When applied to the isolated CG, neither peptide altered burst frequency at low peptide concentrations; at higher concentrations, SGRN decreased burst frequency, whereas GYS continued to have no effect on frequency. Together, these data suggest that the two peptides elicit some of their effects using different mechanisms; in particular, given the known feedback pathways within this system, the importance of the negative (nitric oxide) relative to the positive (stretch) feedback pathways may differ in the presence of the two peptides.


        Distinct or shared actions of peptide family isoforms: II. Multiple pyrokinins exert similar effects in the lobster stomatogastric nervous system

        Date: 2015-09-01

        Creator: Patsy S. Dickinson, Sienna C. Kurland, Xuan Qu, Brett O. Parker, Anirudh, Sreekrishnan, Molly A. Kwiatkowski, Alex H. Williams, Alexandra B. Ysasi, Andrew E. Christie

        Access: Open access

        Many neuropeptides are members of peptide families, with multiple structurally similar isoforms frequently found even within a single species. This raises the question of whether the individual peptides serve common or distinct functions. In the accompanying paper, we found high isoform specificity in the responses of the lobster (Homarus americanus) cardiac neuromuscular system to members of the pyrokinin peptide family: only one of five crustacean isoforms showed any bioactivity in the cardiac system. Because previous studies in other species had found little isoform specificity in pyrokinin actions, we examined the effects of the same five crustacean pyrokinins on the lobster stomatogastric nervous system (STNS). In contrast to our findings in the cardiac system, the effects of the five pyrokinin isoforms on the STNS were indistinguishable: they all activated or enhanced the gastric mill motor pattern, but did not alter the pyloric pattern. These results, in combination with those from the cardiac ganglion, suggest that members of a peptide family in the same species can be both isoform specific and highly promiscuous in their modulatory capacity. The mechanisms that underlie these differences in specificity have not yet been elucidated; one possible explanation, which has yet to be tested, is the presence and differential distribution of multiple receptors for members of this peptide family.


        Bowdoin College Catalogue (1948-1949)

        Date: 1949-01-01

        Access: Open access

        Bowdoin College Bulletin no. 291


        Bowdoin Orient, v. 52, no. 5

        Date: 1922-05-10

        Access: Open access



        Bowdoin Orient, v. 52, no. 30

        Date: 1923-03-14

        Access: Open access



        Miniature of Examining the Effect of Aromatic Substituents in Peptoid Catalysts of Stereoselective Trifluoromethylation
        Examining the Effect of Aromatic Substituents in Peptoid Catalysts of Stereoselective Trifluoromethylation
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            Date: 2024-01-01

            Creator: Daniel Chi

            Access: Access restricted to the Bowdoin Community



              Miniature of Three Decades of Replicated Field Studies Reveal Eelgrass (<i>Zostera marina</i>) Inhibits Soft-shell Clam (<i>Mya arenaria</i>) Growth in Eastern Maine
              Three Decades of Replicated Field Studies Reveal Eelgrass (Zostera marina) Inhibits Soft-shell Clam (Mya arenaria) Growth in Eastern Maine
              This record is embargoed.
                • Embargo End Date: 2027-05-16

                Date: 2024-01-01

                Creator: Everett Horch

                Access: Embargoed