Showing 211 - 220 of 5709 Items
Measurement of the τ-lepton mass
Date: 1993-01-01
Creator: R. Balest, M. Daoudi, W. T. Ford, D. R. Johnson, K., Lingel, M. Lohner, P. Rankin, J. G. Smith, J. P. Alexander, C. Bebek, K. Berkelman, D. Besson, T. E. Browder, D. G. Cassel, H. A. Cho, D. M. Coffman, P. S. Drell, R. Ehrlich, R. S. Galik, M. Garcia-Sciveres, B. Geiser, B. Gittelman, S. W. Gray, D. L. Hartill, B. K. Heltsley, K. Honscheid, C. D. Jones, J. Kandaswamy, N. Katayama, P. C. Kim, D. L. Kreinick
Access: Open access
- Using data from the CLEO II detector at CESR, we measure the τ-lepton mass by exploiting the unique kinematics of events in which both τ's decay hadronically. The result is mτ=1777.8±0.7±1.7 MeV/c2. By comparing our result with other measurements near τ-pair threshold, we extract an upper limit on the τ-neutrino mass of 75 MeV/c2 at 95% confidence level. © 1993 The American Physical Society.
The Future of Social Movement Organizations: The Waning Dominance of SMOs Online
Date: 2013-04-12
Creator: Jennifer Earl
Access: Open access
- For scholars interested in the role of information communication technologies (ICTs) in protest and social movements, the importance of organizations doesn’t appear to be as axiomatic. Work over the past decade researching “Internet activism” has raised fundamental questions about SMOs and their continuing importance to protest: Do organizations play the same role in online protest as they have played in offline protest? Are SMOs as necessary for online movements and protest organizing? What role or functions do SMOs play in online protest? In this article, I address these questions by first surveying social movement research on pre-Internet protest to establish how traditional social movement scholarship understands the role and impact of SMOs. I then compare these expectations to existing work on online protest. In the end, I argue that there are a variety of factors that contribute to the declining necessity of SMOs. Nonetheless, I point to some advantages that SMOs still seem to offer over other forms of organizing. Finally, I discuss the differences between a movement ecology devoid of SMOs versus one that has some level of SMO presence as well as reasons why SMOs might persist, separate and apart from the advantages the organizational form imparts.
Reflections questionnaire response by Anonymous on March 24, 2021
Date: 2021-01-01
Creator: Anonymous
Access: Open access
- This is a response to the Documenting Bowdoin & COVID-19 Reflections Questionnaire. The questionnaire was created in March 2021 by staff of Bowdoin's George J. Mitchell Department of Special Collections & Archives. Author is class of 2022.
Under the hood of satellite empirical chlorophyll a algorithms: Revealing the dependencies of maximum band ratio algorithms on inherent optical properties
Date: 2012-09-10
Creator: Michael J. Sauer, C. S. Roesler, P. J. Werdell, A. Barnard
Access: Open access
- Empirically-based satellite estimates of chlorophyll a [Chl] (e.g. OC3) are an important indicator of phytoplankton biomass. To correctly interpret [Chl] variability, estimates must be accurate and sources of algorithm errors known. While the underlying assumptions of band ratio algorithms such as OC3 have been tacitly hypothesized (i.e. CDOM and phytoplankton absorption covary), the influence of component absorption and scattering on the shape of the algorithm and estimated [Chl] error has yet to be explicitly revealed. We utilized the NOMAD bio-optical data set to examine variations between satellite estimated [Chl] and in situ values. We partitioned the variability into (a) signal contamination and (b) natural phytoplankton variability (variability in chlorophyll-specific phytoplankton absorption). Not surprisingly, the OC3 best-fit curve resulted from a balance between these two different sources of variation confirming the bias by detrital absorption on global scale. Unlike previous descriptions of empirical [Chl] algorithms, our study (a) quantified the mean detrital:phytoplankton absorption as ~1:1in the global NOMAD data set, and (b) removed detrital (CDOM + non-algal particle) absorption in radiative transfer models directly showing that the scale of the remaining variability in the band ratio algorithm was dominated by phytoplankton absorption cross section. © 2012 Optical Society of America.
Waterfowl habitat change over five decades in a freshwater tidal ecosystem in mid-coast maine
Date: 2011-01-01
Creator: J. Lichter, M.E.H. Burton, S.L. Close, J.M. Grinvalsky, J., Reblin
Access: Open access
Climate change's impact on key ecosystem services and the human well-being they support in the US
Date: 2013-11-01
Creator: Erik J. Nelson, Peter Kareiva, Mary Ruckelshaus, Katie Arkema, Gary, Geller, Evan Girvetz, Dave Goodrich, Virginia Matzek, Malin Pinsky
Access: Open access
- Climate change alters the functions of ecological systems. As a result, the provision of ecosystem services and the well-being of people that rely on these services are being modified. Climate models portend continued warming and more frequent extreme weather events across the US. Such weather-related disturbances will place a premium on the ecosystem services that people rely on. We discuss some of the observed and anticipated impacts of climate change on ecosystem service provision and livelihoods in the US. We also highlight promising adaptive measures. The challenge will be choosing which adaptive strategies to implement, given limited resources and time. We suggest using dynamic balance sheets or accounts of natural capital and natural assets to prioritize and evaluate national and regional adaptation strategies that involve ecosystem services. © The Ecological Society of America.
Understanding the effect of political advertising on voter turnout: A response to Krasno and Green
Date: 2008-01-01
Creator: Michael M. Franz, Paul Freedman, Ken Goldstein, Travis N. Ridout
Access: Open access
- Krasno and Green have argued that political advertising has no impact on voter turnout. We remain unconvinced by their evidence, given concerns about how they measure the advertising environment, how they measure advertising tone, their choice of modeling techniques and the generalizability of their findings. These differences aside, we strongly agree that political advertising does little to undermine voter participation. © 2008 Southern Political Science Association.