Showing 2751 - 2760 of 5831 Items
Bowdoin College - Medical School of Maine Catalogue (1910-1911)
Date: 1911-01-01
Access: Open access
- Bowdoin College Bulletin no. 31
Atmospheric O2/N2 changes, 1993-2002: Implications for the partitioning of fossil fuel CO2 sequestration
Date: 2005-12-01
Creator: Michael L. Bender, David T. Ho, Melissa B. Hendricks, Robert Mika, Mark O., Battle, Pieter P. Tans, Thomas J. Conway, Blake Sturtevant, Nicolas Cassar
Access: Open access
- Improvements made to an established mass spectrometric method for measuring changes in atmospheric O2/N2 are described. With the improvements in sample handling and analysis, sample throughput and analytical precision have both increased. Aliquots from duplicate flasks are repeatedly measured over a period of 2 weeks, with an overall standard error in each flask of 3-4 per meg, corresponding to 0.6-0.8 ppm O2 in air. Records of changes in O2/N2 from six global sampling stations (Barrow, American Samoa, Cape Grim, Amsterdam Island, Macquarie Island, and Syowa Station) are presented. Combined with measurements Of CO2 from the same sample flasks, land and ocean carbon uptake were calculated from the three sampling stations with the longest records (Barrow, Samoa, and Cape Grim). From 1994-2002, We find the average CO2 uptake by the ocean and the land biosphere was 1.7 ± 0.5 and 1.0 ± 0.6 GtC yr -1 respectively; these numbers include a correction of 0.3 Gt C yr-l due to secular outgassing of ocean O2. Interannual variability calculated from these data shows a strong land carbon source associated with the 1997-1998 El Niño event, supporting many previous studies indicating that high atmospheric growth rates observed during most El Niño events reflect diminished land uptake. Calculations of interannual variability in land and ocean uptake are probably confounded by non-zero annual air sea fluxes of O2. The origin of these fluxes is not yet understood. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical Union.
Survival Strategies: Historic Preservation, Jewish Community, and the German Democratic Republic
Date: 2020-01-01
Creator: Emily Ann Cohen
Access: Open access
- Following the Second World War, as German Communists worked to establish a new socialist East German state, Jews who survived persecution and imprisonment by the Nazis worked to reestablish a Jewish community at the same time. Though many scholars dismiss the relationship between Jews and the Socialist Unity Party, the ruling party of the German Democratic Republic, as one characterized only by neglect and occasional political exploitation, it was much more nuanced, shaped in large part by the Cold War. Both the party and the Jewish community relied on the other to accomplish their goals, namely, survival in a new world order: The Socialist Unity Party relied on the Jewish community to maintain the German Democratic Republic's claim to legitimacy, and the Jews, few in number, relied on the party for financial support. Despite mutual benefits, however, the state and party nearly always had the upper hand. The power imbalance led Jews to find creative ways to fulfill their needs and, at several points, even prompted protest of the party’s treatment of its Jewish citizens. This paper follows the course of this relationship by focusing on the German Democratic Republic's management of sites of historical significance—which vacillated between outright destruction and dedicated protection—returning particularly to the Jewish cemetery in Berlin-Weissensee, one of the largest Jewish cemeteries in Europe. With this particular lens, this project addresses questions about memory, mythology, and agency in a socialist dictatorship and challenges assumptions about Jewish life in East Germany.
Environmental issues in russia
Date: 2008-12-01
Creator: Laura A. Henry, Vladimir Douhovnikoff
Access: Open access
- This review examines the literature available on the state of the environment and environmental protection in the Russian Federation. As the largest country on Earth, rich in natural resources and biodiversity, Russia's problems and policies have global consequences. Environmental quality and management are influenced by the legacy of Soviet economic planning and authoritarian governance, as well as by Russia's post-Soviet economic recession and current strategies of economic development. Russia achieved a reduction in some pollutants owing to the collapse of industrial production in the 1990s, but many environmental indicators suggest growing degradation. Russia has signed on to a number of international environmental agreements, but its record on implementation is mixed, and it discourages environmental activism. Scholarship on the Russian environment is a limited, but growing, field, constrained by challenges of data availability, yet it offers great potential for testing scientific and social scientific hypotheses. ©2008 by Annual Reviews.
Food Comes First: Growing Up at my Family’s Table This record is embargoed.
- Embargo End Date: 2025-05-14
Date: 2020-01-01
Creator: Eleanor Sapat
Access: Embargoed
Bowdoin College Catalogue (1929-1930)
Date: 1930-01-01
Access: Open access
- Bowdoin College Bulletin no. 185
Is variation in susceptibility to Phytophthora ramorum correlated with population genetic structure in coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia)?
Date: 2005-01-01
Creator: Richard S. Dodd, Daniel Hüberli, Vlad Douhovnikoff, Tamar Y. Harnik, Zara, Afzal-Rafii, Matteo Garbelotto
Access: Open access
- California coastal woodlands are suffering severe disease and mortality as a result of infection from Phytophthora ramorum. Quercus agrifolia is one of the major woodland species at risk. This study investigated within- and among-population variation in host susceptibility to inoculation with P. ramorum and compared this with population genetic structure using molecular markers. Susceptibility was assessed using a branch-cutting inoculation test. Trees were selected from seven natural populations in California. Amplified fragment length polymorphism molecular markers were analysed for all trees used in the trials. Lesion sizes varied quantitatively among individuals within populations, with up to an eightfold difference. There was little support for population differences in susceptibility. Molecular structure also showed a strong within-population, and weaker among-population, pattern of variation. Our data suggest that susceptibility of Q. agrifolia to P. ramorum is variable and is under the control of several gene loci. This variation exists within populations, so that less susceptible local genotypes may provide the gene pool for regeneration of woodlands where mortality is high. © New Phytologist (2004).
Measurement of the cross section for γγ→pp̄
Date: 1994-01-01
Creator: M. Artuso, D. He, M. Goldberg, N. Horwitz, R., Kennett, G. C. Moneti, F. Muheim, Y. Mukhin, S. Playfer, Y. Rozen, S. Stone, M. Thulasidas, G. Vasseur, G. Zhu, J. Bartelt, S. E. Csorna, Z. Egyed, V. Jain, P. Sheldon, D. S. Akerib, B. Barish, M. Chadha, S. Chan, D. F. Cowen, G. Eigen, J. S. Miller, C. O'Grady, J. Urheim, A. J. Weinstein, D. Acosta, M. Athanas
Access: Open access
- A measurement of the cross section for γγ→pp̄ is performed at two-photon center-of-mass energies between 2.00 and 3.25 GeV. These results are obtained using e+e-→e+e-pp̄ events selected from 1.31 fb-1 of data taken with the CLEO II detector. The measured cross section is in reasonable agreement with previous measurements and is in excellent agreement with recent calculations based on a diquark model. However, leading order QCD calculations performed using the Brodsky-Lepage formalism are well below the measured cross section. © 1994 The American Physical Society.