Showing 4411 - 4420 of 5713 Items

Non-transgenic genome modifications in a hemimetabolous insect using zinc-finger and TAL effector nucleases

Date: 2012-09-17

Creator: Takahito Watanabe, Hiroshi Ochiai, Tetsushi Sakuma, Hadley W. Horch, Naoya, Hamaguchi, Taro Nakamura, Tetsuya Bando, Hideyo Ohuchi, Takashi Yamamoto, Sumihare Noji, Taro Mito

Access: Open access

Hemimetabolous, or incompletely metamorphosing, insects are phylogenetically relatively basal and comprise many pests. However, the absence of a sophisticated genetic model system, or targeted gene-manipulation system, has limited research on hemimetabolous species. Here we use zinc-finger nuclease and transcription activator-like effector nuclease technologies to produce genetic knockouts in the hemimetabolous insect Gryllus bimaculatus. Following the microinjection of mRNAs encoding zinc-finger nucleases or transcription activator-like effector nucleases into cricket embryos, targeting of a transgene or endogenous gene results in sequence-specific mutations. Up to 48% of founder animals transmit disrupted gene alleles after zinc-finger nucleases microinjection compared with 17% after microinjection of transcription activator-like effector nucleases. Heterozygous offspring is selected using mutation detection assays that use a Surveyor (Cel-I) nuclease, and subsequent sibling crosses create homozygous knockout crickets. This approach is independent from a mutant phenotype or the genetic tractability of the organism of interest and can potentially be applied to manage insect pests using a non-transgenic strategy. © 2012 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.


Address Delivered at Bowdoin College Upon the Opening of the Walker Art School

Date: 1894-01-01

Creator: Martin Brimmer

Access: Open access

Title varies with printings. Copy in Special Collections/Archives has title: An address delivered at Bowdoin college upon the opening of the Walker art school Bowdoin Special Collections copy in the Sarah Whitman collections: Covers designed by Sarah Whitman


"whimsical contrasts": Love and marriage in The Minister's Wooing and Our Nig

Date: 2011-03-01

Creator: Tess Chakkalakal

Access: Open access



Bowdoin College Catalogue (1873)

Date: 1873-01-01

Access: Open access



Bowdoin Alumnus Volume 22 (1947-1948)

Date: 1948-01-01

Access: Open access



Messenger RNA transport in the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans

Date: 2017-12-01

Creator: Anne E. McBride

Access: Open access

Candida albicans, a common commensal fungus, can cause disease in immunocompromised hosts ranging from mild mucosal infections to severe bloodstream infections with high mortality rates. The ability of C. albicans cells to switch between a budding yeast form and an elongated hyphal form is linked to pathogenicity in animal models. Hyphal-specific proteins such as cell-surface adhesins and secreted hydrolases facilitate tissue invasion and host cell damage, but the specific mechanisms leading to asymmetric protein localization in hyphae remain poorly understood. In many eukaryotes, directional cytoplasmic transport of messenger RNAs that encode asymmetrically localized proteins allows efficient local translation at the site of protein function. Over the past two decades, detailed mechanisms for polarized mRNA transport have been elucidated in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the filamentous fungus Ustilago maydis. This review highlights recent studies of RNA-binding proteins in C. albicans that have revealed intriguing similarities to and differences from known fungal mRNA transport systems. I also discuss outstanding questions that will need to be answered to reach an in-depth understanding of C. albicans mRNA transport mechanisms and the roles of asymmetric mRNA localization in polarized growth, hyphal function, and virulence of this opportunistic pathogen.



"COVID-19 Pandemic May 2020 Portfolio" by Gemma Jyothika Kelton (Class of 2022)

Date: 2020-01-01

Creator: Gemma Jyothika Kelton

Access: Open access

I was a student of this class (GSWS 2261: Gender, Film, and Consumer Culture) that examined the impact of COVID-19 on not only our smaller Bowdoin community, but also the larger global society as a whole. Author is class of 2022.


Bowdoin College - Medical School of Maine Catalogue (1821 Feb)

Date: 1821-02-01

Access: Open access

Medical Institution of Maine at Bowdoin College


GREEN-PSO: Conserving function evaluations in Particle Swarm Optimization

Date: 2013-11-18

Creator: Stephen M. Majercik

Access: Open access

In the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, the expense of evaluating the objective function can make it difficult, or impossible, to use this approach effectively; reducing the number of necessary function evaluations would make it possible to apply the PSO algorithm more widely. Many function approximation techniques have been developed that address this issue, but an alternative to function approximation is function conservation. We describe GREEN-PSO (GR-PSO), an algorithm that, given a fixed number of function evaluations, conserves those function evaluations by probabilistically choosing a subset of particles smaller than the entire swarm on each iteration and allowing only those particles to perform function evaluations. The "surplus" of function evaluations thus created allows a greater number of particles and/or iterations. In spite of the loss of information resulting from this more parsimonious use of function evaluations, GR-PSO performs as well as, or better than, the standard PSO algorithm on a set of six benchmark functions, both in terms of the rate of error reduction and the quality of the final solution.