Showing 41 - 50 of 583 Items

Written in the Body: Embodiments of Gender, Asexuality, Queerness, and Disability Access to this record is restricted to members of the Bowdoin community. Log in here to view.
Date: 2023-01-01
Creator: Corey Schmolka
Access: Access restricted to the Bowdoin Community
The Federal Disproportionate Minority Contact Mandate: An Examination of Its Effectiveness in Reducing Racial Disparities in Juvenile Justice
Date: 2014-05-01
Creator: Hanna Leigh Wurgaft
Access: Open access
- This paper challenges the effectiveness of the federal Disproportionate Minority Contact mandate. It first traces the legislative history of the mandate, from the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Act of 1974, to the establishment of the Disproportionate Minority Confinement mandate of 1988, to the final shift to Disproportionate Minority Contact in 2002. It then describes and analyzes implementation of the mandate in the New England states, showing uneven data collection and limited compliance with the mandate. The next chapter explores factors outside the jurisdiction of the DMC mandate that create and perpetuate racial disparities in juvenile justice, including concentrated poverty, police tactics driven in part by federal initiatives, and school disciplinary policies. Ultimately, this paper reports that racial disparities in arrests of juveniles have increased significantly- not declined- during the life of the mandate. It then discusses the limits of federal legislation in remedying racial disparities in juvenile justice.
The Role of Protein Kinases ROG1 and SRF6 in the WAK Stress Response Pathway
Date: 2015-05-01
Creator: Jaepil E Yoon
Access: Open access
To hum or not to hum: analyzing and provoking sound production in the American lobster (Homarus americanus)
Date: 2024-01-01
Creator: Renske Kerkhofs
Access: Open access
- American lobsters (Homarus americanus) produce humming sounds by vibrating their carapace. These sounds have a fundamental frequency on the order of 100 Hz, with multiple higher harmonics. Though I found no relationship between lobster carapace length and hum frequency, I observed sounds similarly structured to hums but with frequencies an order of magnitude higher, suggesting that lobsters may use a wider range of sounds than previously thought. Using laser vibrometry, I was able to pick up high frequencies of carapace vibration that were similar to those I observed on sound recordings. Lobsters seem to hum most readily when approached from above, but many studies have found it difficult to reliably find soniferous lobsters. To find a way to reliably evoke sound production in American lobsters without contributing to the sound environment, lobsters were exposed to overhead abstract visual stimuli on a screen, after which their behavioral reactions were recorded, as well as any sound production in response to the stimulus. Lobsters responded to the screen stimulus with the same types of behaviors with which they responded to general overhead physical stimuli. This study demonstrates that American lobsters may produce high-pitched sounds and that abstract visual cues can be used as a silent tool to elicit lobster behaviors, but not sound production.
The Current Hunt for Nitric Oxide's Effects on the Homarus americanus Cardiac Ganglion
Date: 2022-01-01
Creator: Joanna Lin
Access: Open access
- The crustacean heartbeat is produced and modulated by the cardiac ganglion (CG), a central pattern generator. In the American lobster, Homarus americanus, the CG consists of 4 small premotor cells (SCs) that electrically and chemically synapse onto 5 large motor cells (LCs). Rhythmic driver potentials in the SCs generate bursting in the LCs, which elicit downstream cardiac muscle contractions that are essential for physiological functions. Endogenous neuromodulators mediate changes in the CG to meet homeostatic demands caused by environmental stressors. Nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous neuromodulator, inhibits the lobster CG. Heart contractions release NO, which directly decreases the CG burst frequency and indirectly decreases the heartbeat amplitude, to mediate negative feedback. I investigated NO’s inhibitory effects on the CG to further understand the mechanisms underlying intrinsic feedback. Using extracellular recordings, I examined NO modulation of the SCs and LCs when coupled in the intact circuit and when firing independently in the ligatured preparation. Using two-electrode voltage clamp, I additionally analyzed the modulation of channel kinetics. Based on previous studies, I hypothesized that NO decreases the burst frequency of the LCs and SCs by modulating conductance properties of the voltage-gated A-type potassium current (IA). My data showed that NO decreased the burst frequency in the LCs and the burst duration in the SCs in a state-dependent manner. Furthermore, NO increased the IA inactivation time constant to decrease the LCs’ burst frequency. Thus, NO mediated inhibitory effects on cardiac output by differentially targeting both cell types and altering the IA current kinetics.
Music Streaming Services, Programming Culture, and the Politics of Listening
Date: 2015-05-01
Creator: Walker Kennedy
Access: Open access

Predicting Anionic Pharmaceutical Sorption to Soils Using Probe Compounds Access to this record is restricted to members of the Bowdoin community. Log in here to view.
Date: 2022-01-01
Creator: Francesca Ann Cawley
Access: Access restricted to the Bowdoin Community

The Photocatalytic Degradation of Ibuprofen and Three Beta-Blockers using BiOCl: An Investigation into the Mechanisms Responsible for Photocatalytic Activity Access to this record is restricted to members of the Bowdoin community. Log in here to view.
- Restriction End Date: 2027-06-01
Date: 2022-01-01
Creator: Jeffrey Charles Price
Access: Access restricted to the Bowdoin Community
Student Activism and Malaysian Politics, 1955-74: Revising the History of the Malay Language Society (PBMUM)
Date: 2023-01-01
Creator: Song Eraou
Access: Open access
- In the literature on student activism in Malaysia, the years from 1967 to 1974 are emphasized as vibrant years—students organized large-scale demonstrations, regularly asserted their opinions in the political arena, and even participated in electoral politics. This period was followed, however, with the imposition of strict laws in 1975 limiting freedom of speech and expression. Such laws were part of the broader containment policy pursued by the state after the May 13, 1969, racial riots, which allowed the state to stifle any form of political dissidence to ensure peace between different ethnic groups. One particularly active organization in this period was the Malay Language Society (PBMUM) of the University of Malaya. While PBMUM began with a dream of using language as a mode to foster national unity, after the riots it would be remembered as a race-based organization oriented toward Malays. This thesis offers a historical analysis and reinterpretation of the PBMUM, characterizing it as a platform for students at the University of Malaya to meet, discuss, and mobilize around the most important issues concerning Malaysian society. Importantly, members exhibited a continued devotion towards changing the fate of the rakyat (the people). In revising the history of PBMUM, this thesis also offers a deeper understanding of the Malaysian political landscape in the ‘60s and ‘70s, focusing on political discussions around nation-building in the lead up to the May 13 riots and its aftermath.
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The Determination of the Aqueous Oxidation Potentials of Aniline and Sixteen of its Derivatives via Ultrafast Cyclic Voltammetry to Model the Photocatalyzed Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Natural Bodies of Water Access to this record is restricted to members of the Bowdoin community. Log in here to view.
Date: 2014-05-01
Creator: Joshua V Pondick
Access: Access restricted to the Bowdoin Community