Showing 4501 - 4550 of 5831 Items
"How Are You?" by Kristin D. Forner (Class of 1997)
Date: 2020-01-01
Creator: Kristin D. Forner, MD
Access: Open access
- My name is Kristin Forner and I am the Palliative Care Program Director and Bioethics Co-Chair at one of the MedStar Hospitals hardest hit by COVID-19 in the Washington, DC area. Our patient population is predominantly Black and Hispanic. I am also a foster mother. This essay is about my experience as a frontline medical provider wrestling with racial disparity and the weight of so much grief. The author is an alumna from the class of 1997.
What some ghosts don't know: Spectral incognizance and the horror film
Date: 2009-01-01
Creator: Aviva Briefel
Access: Open access
Art of American Furniture: A Portfolio of Furniture in the Collections of the Bowdoin College Museum of Art
Date: 1974-01-01
Creator: William Pooley
Access: Open access
- Catalog of an exhibition April 7-May 12, 1974.
Identifying the Opportunity Cost of Critical Habitat Designation under the U.S. Endangered Species Act
Date: 2014-10-01
Creator: Erik Nelson, John C. Withey, Derric Pennington, Joshua J. Lawler
Access: Open access
- We determine the effect of the US Endangered Species Act’s Critical Habitat designation on land use change from 1992 to 2011. We find that the rate of change in developed land (constructed material) and agricultural land is not significantly affected by Critical Habitat designation. Therefore, Sections 7 and 9 of the Endangered Species Act do not appear to be more heavily applied in lands designated as Critical Habitat areas versus lands within listed species’ ranges, but without critical habitat designation. Further, there does not appear to be any extraordinary conservation activity in critical habitat areas; for example, environmental non-profits and land trusts do not appear to be concentrating activity in these areas. Before we conclude that the opportunity cost of Critical Habitat designation is negligible we need to examine the land management impacts of designation.
CrI3 revisited with a many-body ab initio theoretical approach
Date: 2021-06-01
Creator: Tom Ichibha, Allison L. Dzubak, Jaron T. Krogel, Valentino R. Cooper, Fernando A., Reboredo
Access: Open access
- CrI3 has recently been shown to exhibit low-dimensional, long-range magnetic ordering from few layers to single layers of CrI3. The properties of CrI3 bulk and few-layered systems are uniquely defined by a combination of short-range intralayer and long-range interlayer interactions, including strong correlations, exchange, and spin-orbit coupling. Unfortunately, both the long-range van der Waals interactions, which are driven by dynamic, many-body electronic correlations, and the competing strong intralayer correlations, present a formidable challenge for the local or semilocal mean-field approximations employed in workhorse electronic structure approaches like density-functional theory. In this paper we employ a sophisticated many-body approach that can simultaneously describe long- and short-range correlations. We establish that the fixed-node diffusion Monte Carlo (FNDMC) method reproduces the experimental interlayer separation distance of bulk CrI3 for the high-temperature monoclinic phase with a reliable prediction of the interlayer binding energy. We subsequently employed the FNDMC results to benchmark the accuracy of several density-functional theory exchange-correlation approximations.
Narrative-inspired generation of ambient music
Date: 2017-01-01
Creator: Sarah Harmon
Access: Open access
- An author might read other written works to polish their own writing skill, just as a painter might analyze other paintings to hone their own craft. Yet, either might also visit the theatre, listen to a piece of music, or otherwise experience the world outside their particular discipline in search of creative insight. This paper explores one example of how a computational system might rely on what they have learned from analyzing another distinct form of expression to produce creative work. Specifically, the system presented here extracts semantic meaning from an input text and uses this knowledge to generate ambient music. An independent measures experiment was conducted to provide a preliminary assessment of the system and direct future work.
Social Science and the Analysis of Environmental Policy
Date: 2020-09-01
Creator: Cary Coglianese, Shana M. Starobin
Access: Open access
- As much as environmental problems manifest themselves as problems with the natural environment, environmental problems—and their solutions—are ultimately social and behavioral in nature. Just as the natural sciences provide a basis for understanding the need for environmental policy and informing its design, the social sciences also contribute in significant ways to the understanding of the behavioral sources of environmental problems, both in terms of individual incentives and collective action challenges. In addition, the social sciences have contributed much to the understanding of the ways that laws and other institutions can be designed to solve environmental problems. In this review article, we distill core intellectual frameworks from among the social sciences that scaffold modern environmental policy in industrialized country contexts—focusing on key contributions principally from political science, economics, psychology, and sociology to the analysis of environmental problems and their solutions. These frameworks underlie how environmental problems are defined at multiple scales and the conceptualization and empirical testing of policy solutions that seek to shape human behavior in ways that improve environmental quality and promote sustainable economic growth. With the planet facing continued environmental threats, improving environmental policy decision-making depends on the insights and frameworks of social science research in addition to those of the natural sciences.
Bowdoin Orient, v. 133, no. 4
Date: 2003-10-03
Access: Open access
- There are two volumes numbered 133. This is the second.
Bowdoin Orient, v. 133, no. 7
Date: 2001-10-26
Access: Open access
- There are two volumes numbered 133. This is the original.
Bowdoin Orient, v. 133, no. 10
Date: 2003-11-21
Access: Open access
- There are two volumes numbered 133. This is the second.
Bowdoin Orient, v. 133, no. 24
Date: 2002-05-03
Access: Open access
- There are two volumes numbered 133. This is the original.
Bowdoin Orient, v. 132, no. 23
Date: 2001-04-27
Access: Open access
- There are two volumes numbered 132. This is the original.
The Bowdoin Orient
The Bowdoin Orient, Bowdoin’s student newspaper, began publication in 1871 and is the nation’s oldest continuously published college weekly. It provides news and information relevant to the Bowdoin community, especially concerning student social life, and maintains a tradition of editorial independence from the College and its administration.
Interview with George Khaldun (Class of 1973) by Marcus Williams
Date: 2019-11-09
Creator: George Khaldun
Access: Open access
- George Khaldun ’73 came to Bowdoin from New York at the suggestion of a mentor, the director of a library where Kahldun had worked part-time in high school. He shares that he was at first apprehensive of moving to Maine but decided to apply since it would provide a change of pace from the inner city. He discusses his political affiliation as a Black Panther and the comradery he felt in finding others at Bowdoin who shared his revolutionary beliefs. Kahldun found these men in the Afro-American Society, where he could connect with black people from across the country. He says this community helped hone his political beliefs but also adjust to the rigors of Bowdoin academics. Kahldun admits to struggling during his first year, after finding support in the Society, he was able to succeed in school.
Interview with Mark Richter (Class of 2014) by Marina Henke
Date: 2019-11-10
Creator: Mark Richter
Access: Open access
- Mark Richter ('14) shares his experience as an Africana Studies student who grew up in Brunswick, Maine. He tells of his path to the Africana Studies department, as largely influenced by his classes with Professor Brian Purnell, including his course on the popular television show, 'The Wire.’ Richter describes how his academic work at Bowdoin provided him with a certain language to explore and discuss topics that he had not had the verbage for before. He recounts certain classes in the department which allowed for conversations surrounding race and identity that may not have happened normally on campus. Finally, Richter offers insight into how his major at Bowdoin has prepared him for work at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, and given him tools as a white male to understand privilege and inequity.
Interview with Laura Daly (Class of 2009), Hannah Hughes (Class of 2009), and Emme Duncan (Class of 2009) by Meagan Doyle Access to this record is restricted to members of the Bowdoin community. Log in here to view.
Date: 2019-06-01
Creator: Laura Daly, Hannah Hughes, Emme Duncan
Access: Access restricted to the Bowdoin Community
Interview with Noma Petroff by Marina Henke
Date: 2019-11-09
Creator: Noma Petroff
Access: Open access
- Noma Petroff shares her time working at Bowdoin, as secretary of the Senior Center (1975-1979), secretary of Afro-American Studies (1979-1985), secretary Women’s Studies (1990), and academic coordinator of Theater and Dance (1991-2016). She discusses her path to Bowdoin, and specifically her path to working in Russworm, coming from working at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and even leaving Bowdoin for several years to work on a Pennsylvanian farm. She recounts how she tried to serve as an ally to students of color on campus. Petroff describes the dynamic environment of Russworm during the early eighties, including the work she put into starting the center’s library. She shares stories from various work-study students who worked with her, including two students who fell in love after separately working under her. Petroff describes the transformations to the African American Studies department over her many years at the college, including highlights of working under both Randy Stakeman and Lynn Bolles.
Interview with Steve London (Class of 1964) by Marcus Williams
Date: 2019-11-09
Creator: Steve London
Access: Open access
- Steve London '64 describes his family's long connection to Bowdoin, spanning three generations. He shares his father's experience at the College as a Jewish student in the 1930s who found most allegiance with the several black students on campus at the time. Speaking of his own time as a student, London describes how the civil rights movement greatly influenced his experience as an undergraduate. His time at Bowdoin and engagement with racial activism led him to later work with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference for two years shortly after graduating from Bowdoin. London outlines the ways that activism and understanding the role of identity and inequity were a central part to his time at the College, and his path afterwards.
2018 Table of static dipole polarizabilities of the neutral elements in the periodic table*
Date: 2019-06-18
Creator: Peter Schwerdtfeger, Jeffrey K. Nagle
Access: Open access
- A 2018 update of the most accurate calculated and experimental static dipole polarizabilities of the neutral atoms in the Periodic Table from nuclear charge Z = 1 to 120 is given. Periodic trends are analyzed and discussed.
Estimating the Impact of Ride-Hailing App Company Entry on Public Transportation Use in Major US Urban Areas
Date: 2019-01-01
Creator: Erik Nelson, Nicole Sadowsky
Access: Open access
- Since 2011, the private ride-hailing (RH) app companies Uber and Lyft have expanded into more and more US urban areas. We use a dynamic entry event study to examine the impact of Uber and Lyft's entry on public transportation (PT) use in the United States' largest urban areas. In most cases, entry into urban areas was staggered: Uber entered first, followed several months later by Lyft. We generally find that PT use increased in the representative urban area, all else equal, immediately following first RH app company entry. However, this spike in PT use largely disappeared following the entry of the second RH app company. Slightly different RH app company-PT use relationships emerge when we estimate the PT use model over various subsets of urban areas and PT modes.
Reflections questionnaire response by Anonymous on March 20, 2021
Date: 2021-01-01
Creator: Anonymous
Access: Open access
- This is a response to the Documenting Bowdoin & COVID-19 Reflections Questionnaire. The questionnaire was created in March 2021 by staff of Bowdoin's George J. Mitchell Department of Special Collections & Archives. Author is class of 2024.
The likelihood of local allies free-riding: Testing economic theories of alliances in US counterinsurgency interventions
Date: 2017-09-01
Creator: Barbara Elias
Access: Open access
- In counterinsurgency interventions, free-riding by small, local allies is persistent. Yet, the literature on free-riding by small allies is largely limited to conventional multilateral partnerships, such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, neglecting other types of asymmetric alliances. Using new data containing 144 US requests to local allies in Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan, this article tests the logic of economic theories of alliances in counterinsurgency interventions. I find even when small allies are explicitly asked to contribute to alliance-wide security goods, they are likely to free-ride almost half the time (45%), and the likelihood of free-riding is dependent on whether local allies can be excluded by larger allies. This conclusion upholds the logic of economic models, since shared defense goods that exclude local allies fail to meet the criteria of public goods.
New insights on obtaining phytoplankton concentration and composition from in situ multispectral Chlorophyll fluorescence
Date: 2010-01-01
Creator: Christopher W. Proctor, Collin S. Roesler
Access: Open access
- A three-channel excitation (435 nm, 470 nm, and 532 nm) Chlorophyll fluorometer (695 nm emission) was calibrated and characterized to improve uncertainty in estimated in situ Chlorophyll concentrations. Protocols for reducing sensor-related uncertainties as well as environmental-related uncertainties were developed. Sensor calibrations were performed with thirteen monospecific cultures in the laboratory, grown under limiting and saturating irradiance, and sampled at different growth phases. Resulting uncertainties in the calibration slope induced by natural variations in the in vivo fluorescence per extracted Chlorophyll yield were quantified. Signal variations associated with the sensors (i.e., dark current configurations, drift, and stability) and the environment (i.e., temperature dependent dark currents and contamination by colored dissolved organic matter [CDOM] fluorescence) yielded errors in estimating in situ Chlorophyll concentration exceeding 100%. Calibration protocols and concurrent observations of in situ temperature and CDOM fluorescence eliminate these uncertainties. Depending upon excitation channel, biomass calibration slopes varied between 6-and 10-fold between species and as a function of growth irradiance or growth phase. The largest source of slope variability was due to variations in accessory pigmentation, and thus the variance could be reduced among pigment-based taxonomic lines. Fluorescence ratios were statistically distinct among the pigment-based taxonomic groups, providing not only a means for approximating bulk taxonomic composition, but also for selecting the appropriate calibration slope to statistically improve the accuracy of in situ Chlorophyll concentration estimates. Application to 5 months of deployment in China Lake, Maine, USA reduced the error in estimating extracted Chlorophyll concentration from > 30% to < 6%. © 2010, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.
Accounting for creativity: Lessons from the economic history of intellectual property and innovation
Date: 2020-01-01
Creator: B. Zorina Khan
Access: Open access
- Social progress depends on the realization of inventive ideas, and economic history provides valuable lessons about creativity in technology and culture. The empirical study of over one hundred thousand innovative individuals who obtained patents, copyrights, and prizes, sheds light on the relationship between institutions, incentives, and transformative ideas and expression, over the past two centuries. The European growth model assumed useful knowledge was scarce, and top-down administered innovation systems offered rights and rewards to “exclusive” groups. By contrast, American policies regarded creativity as widely distributed in the general population, and further promoted “inclusive” market-oriented mechanisms that fostered diversity in ideas and outcomes. The evidence suggests that property rights in patents facilitated markets in ideas, and ensured that returns were aligned with productivity and market demand. Whereas, such administered systems as innovation prizes and publisher’s copyrights in the “creative industries” benefited the few rather than overall social welfare.
Role of iron and organic carbon in mass-specific light absorption by particulate matter from louisiana coastal waters
Date: 2012-01-01
Creator: Margaret L. Estapa, Emmanuel Boss, Lawrence M. Mayer, Collin S. Roesler
Access: Open access
- We investigated the influences of organic content and mineralogical composition on light absorption by mostly mineral suspended particles in aquatic and coastal marine systems. Mass-specific absorption spectra of suspended particles and surface sediments from coastal Louisiana and the lower Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers were measured with a centered sample-mount integrating sphere and analyzed in conjunction with organic carbon (OC), hydrochloric acid- (HCl-) extractable iron, and dithionite-extractable iron contents. Compositions and absorption properties were comparable to published values for similar particles. Dithionite-extractable iron was strongly correlated with absorption at ultraviolet (UV) and blue wavelengths, while OC and HCl-extractable iron were weakly but positively correlated. Oxidative removal of OC from sediments caused small and variable changes in absorption, while dithionite extraction of iron oxides strongly reduced absorption. Shoulders in the absorption spectra corresponded to absorption bands of iron oxide minerals, and their intensities were well correlated to dithionite-extractable iron contents of the samples. These findings support a primary role for iron oxide and hydroxide minerals in the mass-specific absorption of mostly inorganic particles from the terrestrially influenced coast of Louisiana. Riverine particles had higher dithionite-extractable iron contents and iron oxide- specific absorption features than did marine particles, consistent with current knowledge regarding differential transport of particulate iron oxides and hydroxides through estuarine salinity gradients and reductive alteration of these oxide phases on the Louisiana shelf. The quantifiable dependence of UV absorption features on iron oxide content suggests that, under certain conditions, in situ hyperspectral absorption measurements could be designed to monitor water-column iron mineral transport and transformation. © 2012, by the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.
US Household Demand for Organic Fruit
Date: 2017-08-31
Creator: Erik Nelson, John M Fitzgerald, Nathan Tefft, John L. Anderson
Access: Open access
- We estimate US household monthly elasticities of demand for some of the more popular organic fruits. To our knowledge, this is the first US-wide, multi-year analysis of price and income elasticities for various organic fruits. We calculate elasticities of demand for low-income, middle class, and rich income bracket households using three estimation techniques: two econometric methods and one machine learning method (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)). Demand estimates are based on Nielsen scanner data from approximately 60,000 households collected from 2011 to 2013. Generally, we find that own-price conditional and unconditional elasticities of demand for organic fruits are negative. Unconditional elasticity magnitudes tend to be largest in the representative middle-class household. Income elasticities of demand measurements are inconsistent and often statistically insignificant. This finding is consistent with the survey literature finding that many consumers buy organic food for mostly moral or ethical reasons. We run two policy experiments: a 10% subsidy of organic fruits, and a 10% tax on conventional fruits. Our hypothetical policies engender a stronger reaction among the general public than habitual buyers of organic fruit; unconditional purchase and expenditure elasticities are generally larger than conditional purchase and expenditure elasticities. Finally, we find that elasticities measured with the LASSO technique are not radically different than those measured with econometric methods. The most noticeable difference between the two analytical techniques is that LASSO is more likely to find price and income elasticities of demand that indistinguishable from zero, both substantively and statistically.
African Extensions: A Photographic Search for African Survivals in the Americas
Date: 1981-01-01
Creator: Reginald L. Jackson
Access: Open access
- Catalog for an exhibition co-sponsored by the Afro-American Studies Program, held at the Bowdoin College Museum of Art, John A. and Helen P. Becker Gallery, 7-22 March, 1991.
Erratum: Stochastic boolean satisfiability (Journal of Automated Reasoning (2001) 27 (251-296))
Date: 2002-01-01
Creator: Michael L. Littman, Stephen M. Majercik, Toniann Pitassi
Access: Open access
James Bowdoin III: Pursuing Style in the Age of Independence
Date: 2008-01-01
Creator: Vernon Scott
Access: Open access
- Catalog of an exhibition held at the Bowdoin College Museum of Art from Sept. 9, 2008, through June 7, 2009. Essay by V. Scott Dimond
On Kindleberger and Hegemony: From Berlin to M.I.T. and Back
Date: 2013-09-29
Creator: Stephen Meardon
Access: Open access
- The most notable idea of Charles P. Kindleberger’s later career is the value of a single country acting as stabilizer of an international economy prone to instability. It runs through his widely read books, The World in Depression, 1929-1939 (1973), Manias, Crises, and Panics (1978), A Financial History of Western Europe (1984), and kindred works. “Hegemonic stability,” the idea is called in the literature it inspired. This essay traces Kindleberger’s attachment to the idea back to his tenure as chief of the State Department’s Division of German and Austrian Economic Affairs from 1945 to 1947 and adviser to the European Recovery Program from 1947 to 1948. In both capacities Kindleberger observed and participated indirectly in the 1948 monetary reform in Western Germany. In the 1990s, during his octogenary decade, he revisited the German monetary reform with a fellow participant, economist, and longtime friend, F. Taylor Ostrander. Their collaborative essay marked Kindleberger’s effort to reclaim hegemonic stability theory from the scholars who developed it following his works of the 1970s and 1980s.
Identification, physiological actions, and distribution of TPSGFLGMRamide: A novel tachykinin-related peptide from the midgut and stomatogastric nervous system of Cancer crabs
Date: 2007-06-01
Creator: Elizabeth A. Stemmler, Braulio Peguero, Emily A. Bruns, Patsy S. Dickinson, Andrew E., Christie
Access: Open access
- In most invertebrates, multiple species-specific isoforms of tachykinin-related peptide (TRP) are common. In contrast, only a single conserved TRP isoform, APSGFLGMRamide, has been documented in decapod crustaceans, leading to the hypothesis that it is the sole TRP present in this arthropod order. Previous studies of crustacean TRPs have focused on neuronal tissue, but the recent demonstration of TRPs in midgut epithelial cells in Cancer species led us to question whether other TRPs are present in the gut, as is the case in insects. Using direct tissue matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometry, in combination with sustained off-resonance irradiation collision-induced dissociation, we found that at least one additional TRP is present in Cancer irroratus, Cancer borealis, Cancer magister, and Cancer productus. The novel TRP isoform, TPSGFLGMRamide, was present not only in the midgut, but also in the stomatogastric nervous system (STNS). In addition, we identified an unprocessed TRP precursor APSGFLGMRG, which was detected in midgut tissues only. TRP immunohistochemistry, in combination with preadsorption studies, suggests that APSGFLGMRamide and TPSGFLGMRamide are co-localized in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG), which is contained within the STNS. Exogenous application of TPSGFLGMRamide to the STG elicited a pyloric motor pattern that was identical to that elicited by APSGFLGMRamide, whereas APSGFLGMRG did not alter the pyloric motor pattern. © 2007 The Authors.